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Parts of a filter
A filter consists of criteria based on packet attributes. A typical filter can match a packet on any one of the
following attributes:
■ The source IP address (where the packet was sent from)
■ The destination IP address (where the packet is going)
■ The type of higher-layer Internet protocol the packet is carrying, such as TCP or UDP
Port numbers
A filter can also match a packet’s port number attributes, but only if the filter’s protocol type is set to TCP or
UDP, since only those protocols use port numbers. The filter can be configured to match the following:
■ The source port number (the port on the sending host that originated the packet)
■ The destination port number (the port on the receiving host that the packet is destined for)
By matching on a port number, a filter can be applied to selected TCP or UDP services, such as Telnet, FTP, and
World Wide Web. The tables below show a few common services and their associated port numbers.
Port number comparisons
A filter can also use a comparison option to evaluate a packet’s source or destination port number. The
comparison options are:
No Compare: No comparison of the port number specified in the filter with the packet’s port number.
Not Equal To: For the filter to match, the packet’s port number cannot equal the port number specified in the
filter.
Internet service TCP port Internet service TCP port
FTP 20/21 Finger 79
Telnet 23 World Wide Web 80
SMTP (mail) 25 News 144
Gopher 70 rlogin 513
Internet service UDP port Internet service UDP port
Who Is 43 AppleTalk Routing
Maintenance (at-rtmp)
202
World Wide Web 80 AppleTalk Name Binding
(at-nbp)
202
SNMP 161 AURP (AppleTalk) 387
TFTP 69 who 513
- R910 Ethernet Router 1
- Features and capabilities 9
- How to use this guide 10
- Find a location 13
- What you need 14
- Netopia R910 LED front panel 16
- Overview 17
- Network Model 17
- 10Base-T 20
- RJ-45 connectors 21
- 4-22 User’s Reference Guide 22
- 5-30 User’s Reference Guide 30
- Configuring Telnet software 33
- Easy Setup console screens 35
- If your ISP supports DHCP 37
- More Easy Setup options 39
- WAN Ethernet Configuration 39
- IP Easy Setup 40
- WAN configuration 43
- System configuration screens 44
- System configuration features 46
- IP setup 47
- Filter sets (firewalls) 47
- IP address serving 47
- Date and time 47
- Security 48
- Upgrade feature set 48
- Console configuration 48
- Installing the Syslog client 50
- ■ 10.0.0.3 to an FTP server 53
- ■ 10.0.0.4 to a Windows NT PC 53
- ■ 10.0.0.5 to a Windows 95 PC 53
- ■ Telnet uses port number 23 55
- ■ SNMP uses port number 161 55
- 9-58 User’s Reference Guide 58
- IP subnets 60
- Static routes 62
- IP Address Pools 68
- DHCP NetBIOS Options 70
- 9-72 User’s Reference Guide 72
- Transit Internetwork 74
- Quick View status overview 109
- General status 110
- Status lights 110
- Statistics & Logs 111
- General Statistics 111
- Event histories 112
- Routing tables 114
- Served IP Addresses 116
- System Information 117
- The SNMP Setup screen 118
- SNMP traps 119
- Suggested security measures 123
- User accounts 123
- Telnet access 125
- About filters and filter sets 126
- How filter sets work 126
- APPROVED 127
- How individual filters work 128
- Design guidelines 132
- Adding a filter set 134
- Viewing filter sets 138
- Modifying filter sets 139
- Deleting a filter set 139
- A sample IP filter set 139
- Firewall tutorial 143
- General firewall terms 143
- Basic IP packet components 143
- Basic protocol types 143
- Firewall design rules 144
- Filter basics 146
- Example filters 147
- ■ Local Only 151
- ■ RADIUS only 151
- ■ RADIUS then Local 151
- ■ Local then RADIUS 151
- Trace Route 158
- Telnet client 159
- Factory defaults 160
- Updating firmware 161
- Downloading configuration files 162
- Uploading configuration files 163
- Restarting the system 166
- Configuration problems 167
- Console connection problems 168
- Network problems 168
- Power outages 169
- Technical support 170
- How to reach us 170
- A-172 User’s Reference Guide 172
- What is IP? 173
- About IP addressing 173
- Subnets and subnet masks 174
- Distributing IP addresses 177
- Configuration 179
- Using address serving 180
- Nested IP subnets 182
- Internet 183
- Broadcasts 185
- Packet header types 185
- B-186 User’s Reference Guide 186
- Network configuration 187
- Background 187
- Exported services 191
- Important notes 192
- D-196 User’s Reference Guide 196
- E-200 User’s Reference Guide 200
- Description 201
- Power requirements 201
- Environment 201
- Software and protocols 201
- Agency approvals 201
- Regulatory notices 202
- Important safety instructions 203
- F-204 User’s Reference Guide 204
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